Abstract

Equalization transfer payment is developed from the transition period transfer expenditure in 1995.After more than twenty years of development，it has become an important part of general transfer expenditure in our country.therefore，The effect of its policy implementation and the rationality of the system design have a crucial role in the entire financial system.Evaluation of the effectiveness of equalization transfer payment in China，help to explore the design of the system inherent shortcomings and problems，and provide scientific basis for further standardize and improve the balance of the transfer expenditure system，has very important practical significance.

Equalization transfer payment is essentially the central government's redistribution of income，to achieve fairness and efficiency.The concentrated reflection of efficiency and fairness is the equalization of public services and regional coordinated development.A reasonable and effective Equalization transfer payment system should be both fairness and efficiency，we should play the role of government financial balance，but also pay attention to the incentive of local finance initiative，to ensure economic operation and financial efficiency.Therefore，effective Equalization transfer payment system's running effect to include the following three aspects：first，to ensure that the distribution of funds Equalization transfer payment has reverse adjust local financial equalization effect；Second，make sure its fiscal revenue and expenditure of local government behavior has a positive incentive effect，not distortion of local government public service supply and tax effort；Third，to ensure the equalization transfer payment funds use efficiency，improve the efficiency of public service supply，thus ensuring equalization transfer payment of policy effects，to achieve fairness and efficiency.The empirical results show that：this paper argues that：the current equalization transfer payments in its system design and policy implementation in a certain extent，balance the fairness and efficiency，the policy effect should be sure，but due to equalization transfer payment system is still retained some of the characteristics of the original system，emphasis on local vested interests to a great extent，therefore impedes the development of the validity of the Equalization transfer payments，make its cannot provide equal public services and regional coordinated development better.

Based on the above conclusions，in order to further improve the validity of the balance transfer expenditure system in our country，this book proposes the following optimization path of equalization transfer payment：First，to further increase the proportion of Equalization transfer payment，to become the main form of the financial transfer expenditure，give full play to the role of financial equalization and“general formula method”distribution method，to avoid the loss of efficiency of transfer expenditure；Secondly，perfect Equalization transfer payment allocation system with the local government's per capital standard fiscal balance as the basis of accounting，and accounting in place“standard spending”join“cost variance coefficient of regional spending”to avoid the cost difference in public spending，and between regions in order to improve equalization transfers the scientific nature and feasibility of capital allocation；Thirdly，design the incentive mechanism and restriction mechanism in the equalization of the transfer expenditure system，improve the enthusiasm of the local government economic development，the full collection of Finance Income，to ensure the standardization of local government revenue and expenditure behavior，to avoid the local government's moral hazard.In addition，to build a complete and balanced objective and scientific transfer expenditure assessment and supervision system of equalization transfer payment funds performance evaluation，improving the efficiency of public service；at the same time，establish a standard of equalization transfer payment measures，improve the system of laws and regulations related to the equalization transfer payment system.The supervision work to provide a multi-level legal protection for equalization transfer，conducive to the realization of equalization transfer payment fairness and transparency in the allocation of funds，to be able to balance between efficiency and fairness，finally realize the coordinated development between regions and equalization of public services.

Keywords：Equalization transfer payment effectiveness；Fairness and efficiency；Regional financial equilibrium effect evaluation；Evaluation of incentive effect of equilibrium transfer payment；Equilibrium transfer expenditure system improvement.